Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. Specifically, it irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2.
COX enzymes produce prostaglandins, compounds involved in pain, inflammation, and blood clotting. By blocking COX-1, aspirin reduces platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots. This is why it’s frequently prescribed to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke.
The inhibition of COX-2 contributes to aspirin’s anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Reduced prostaglandin production leads to decreased pain and swelling.
Note: Aspirin’s effects vary depending on dosage. Low doses primarily affect COX-1, while higher doses impact both COX-1 and COX-2 more significantly. Consult a doctor for appropriate dosage.
Key takeaway: Aspirin’s mechanism hinges on its ability to selectively block COX enzymes, thereby influencing prostaglandin production and impacting various bodily functions, including pain, inflammation, and blood clotting.
